Conditions for standardizing color and shape of roses

Most of us often think that temperature is the decisive factor for the shape and color of flowers, but in reality, it is just one factor along with other conditions. The standard color, size, and shape of roses are determined in the following order: Age of the plant, plant health (free from diseases, adequate nutrition), sunlight, temperature. In sunny climates, the ratio of roses having standard color, size, and shape may decrease, but improvement is still possible when understanding the plant's needs. Here are some considerations when caring for plants at Pemdas Garden to achieve standardization in various weather conditions at Pemdas Garden (Applicable only when the plants are healthy and free from any diseases).

1. Plant Size
Plants produce standard-colored flowers and shapes when they reach a certain size, depending on the characteristics of each type:
- Single-petal group like Eye for your, Tottering by Gently or cluster-blooming group like Green ice, Cache Cache, Aunt margy’s: They produce standard flowers even when the plant is very small, including plants as young as 2-3 months old.
- Large-petal group, external rose flower form, Yves series: When reaching the age of 1 year or older.
- Cut-flower group like Juliet, Coffee Latte: When reaching the age of 2 years or older.

2. Sunlight Duration
The ideal sunlight duration for roses to thrive is 6-8 hours, but depending on the characteristics of each type, flowers may still achieve standard form and color in partial sunlight.
- Low sunlight requirement group (minimum 2-3 hours): Single-petal varieties, cluster-blooming varieties like Green ice, Tottering by gently.
- Medium sunlight requirement group (minimum 4 hours): Majority of other varieties such as Yves series, climbing roses, Pine Dream.
- High sunlight requirement group (minimum 5 hours): Cut-flower varieties like Coffe Latte, Coffe Break.

3. Temperature
Cool and fluctuating temperatures ranging from 18-25 degrees Celsius are the best conditions for roses to achieve standard color and shape. However, in many cases, even below 30 degrees, roses can still produce standard flowers if the above two factors are favorable.

4. Fertilization
Supplement with fertilizers rich in nitrogen and potassium, such as Bat Guano, when the plant is in bud formation. As the buds grow larger and prepare to bloom, additional supplements like soybean, eggs, and bananas are provided. When the plant receives the right balance of nutrients, it becomes healthier, leading to more standard flowers.

Note:
- Fertilize evenly and sufficiently throughout the plant's growth, as a healthy plant forms the foundation for the best flower color. Chlorophyll in leaves plays a role in synthesizing pigments. To prepare adequately for the flowering phase, it's essential to evenly supplement trace elements during the bud formation stage to ensure the thickest chlorophyll layer. Potassium stimulates the biochemical reactions in plants, promoting thicker leaf structures, making it crucial during bud formation. However, potassium supplementation is most effective when the plant has already received sufficient nutrients for leaf and root development.
- Fertilize in moderation; excessive fertilization is more dangerous than a deficiency. Overuse of potassium-rich fertilizers (such as potassium, bananas) leads to the accumulation of unused amino acids in plants, with the excess forcing soil microbes to work harder for decomposition. However, the decomposition process requires oxygen, leading to an oxygen deficiency in the soil, inhibiting metabolic exchanges and potentially stunting bud growth.

These are the experiences of Pemdas Garden in caring for plants. Understanding the characteristics of each plant will help choose suitable flowers for the garden conditions.

Thank you to everyone for following and supporting Pemdas Garden. We wish you a healthy and vibrant rose garden.